This is the corneal topography of a patient awaiting cataract surgery.

a. What does the corneal topography show?

b. What is the effect on the corneal topography if the patient had an extracapsular 
    cataract extraction through the superior corneal approach and all the tension of 
    the sutures are evenly distributed and not tightened?

c. What is the effect on the corneal topography if the patient had phacoemulsification
     through a temporal corneal approach using a foldable lens?