Candidate 8   Pass                                        Centre:  Liverpool
                                                                     Date:     June, 2001

OSE

Case 1.
Identify and draw the ray diagram for the Fresnel prism.

Case 2. 
Identify and interpret a Humphrey Automated visual field. Showed an altitudinal defect.

Case 3. 
Identify and comment on a B-scan us.  This showed a retinal detachment.  Other candidates thought it was a choroidal effusion.

Case 4. 
Principle of the Hess chart.  Comment on one showing a fourth nerve palsy.

Case 5. 
Principle of and comment on an FFA.  Showing proliferative DR.  Others thought it to be CRVO.

Case 6.
Comment on an x-ray showing a metallic foreign body. Inadequate views to say if indeed intraocular.

Case 7.
Interpret an orthoptic report and comment on the management.  A case of anisometropic amblyopia.

Case 8. 
Identify an ERG.  What anatomical structures does it represent.
 

OSCE

Case 1. 
Left RAPD.  Patient also had L proptosis. Questions on light pathway and likely position of the lesion in this case. The pharmacological tests for abnormal pupils.

Case 2. 
Slit-lamp examination of both eyes with congenital cataracts and superior optical iridectomies. Principles of slit lamp examination.  Correct use of applanation head
( where to place the red line).

Case 3. 
VFT by confrontation.  Patient with bitemporal hemianopia more dense inferiorly.  Where is the lesion and from which direction.

Case 4. 
Ocular motility and cover test.  Patient had a left fourth nerve palsy.  Not very obvious (many others missed it).

Case 5. 
Focimetry of bifocals( one side only).  Principle of focimeter.

Case 6. 
Keratometry(Javal-Schiotz).  Principle of it (I drew a diagram to illustrate).

Case 7. 
Direct Ophthalmoscopy.  A 30-something male patient with sectorial chorioretinal degeneration and discrete round red lesion at macula with yellow spots. I thought it to be a traumatic macula hole. Questions on the magnification of the direct,  image size in ametropia and use of filters on it.

Case 8. 
Indirect to view a lesion in the superotemporal quadrant using the first indirect ever invented!!.  A grey lesion with a convex border towards the posterior
pole.  I diagnosed a retinoshisis and was asked to draw it on a retinal detachment chart.
 

REFRACTION.

Compound Hypermetropia with an esophoria( 12 Prism
dioptres base out).
 

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