1. The following substances usually lower the intraocular
pressure:
a. para-amino clonidine
b. salbutamol
c. ethyl alcohol
d. marijuana
e. the prostaglandin PGF2 alpha
2. Fuchs' endothelial dystrophy:
a. is the most common reason for penetrating
keratoplasty in developed countries
b. is more common in men
c. causes worsening of vision during the course of a day
d. may be helped by using a hair dryer on the eye
e. is often associated with other systemic diseases
3. Acanthamoeba keratitis:
a. is caused by Acanthamoeba castellani
b. is caused by Acanthamoeba polyphaga
c. has not been successfully treated medically
d. is charateristically painless
e. may be successfully cultured on Escerichia coli
enriched chocolate agar
4. Intraocular gases used in retinal detachment surgery:
a. pure sulphur hexafluoride is non-expansile
b. a one ml bubble of C3F8 disappears in 10 days
c. pneumatic retinopexy is not recommended in patients
with glaucoma
d. are best injected into the most dependant part of the eye
e. should not be used with nitrous oxide anaesthesia
because this causes an immediate decrease in bubble
size
5. Light-near dissociation occurs in:
a. myotonic dystrophy
b. chronic progressive external ophthalmoplegia
c. Holmes-Adie pupil
d. Parinaud's syndrome
e. Wernicke's pupil
6. Disc drusen:
a. are similar histologically to retinal drusen
b. become progressively embedded with age
c. may cause arcuate field defects
d. may cause sudden loss of vision
e. may be associated with anomalous retinal vessel patterns
7. In the optic tract:
a. the macular fibres lie centrally
b. lesion causes sectorial optic atrophy
c. lesion may be associated with a contralateral
/Marcus-Gunn pupil
d. lesion causes congruous homonymous hemianopia
e. carries 60% of its fibres to the lateral geniculate body
8. Persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous:
a. is unilateral in 90% of cases
b. is associated with calcification early
c. is associated with elongated ciliary processes
d. has an abnormal aqueous/serum lactate dehydrogenase
level
e. exhibits relative microphakia
9. Mooren's ulcer:
a. are painful
b. run a chronic course of 10-30 years
c. may show scleral involvement
d. are not associated with uveitis
e. only occurs in elderly patients
10. The following are true about corneal sensation:
a. panretinal photocoagulation therapy may cause a
reduction in corneal sensation
b. corneal hypoesthesia is a form of diabetic sensory
neuropathy, and is seen in patients with proliferative
diabetic retinopathy
c. neuropathic keratopathy is a contraindication for
performing laser panretinal photocoagulation in
eyes
with proliferative diabetic retinopathy
d. corneal hypoesthesia may be seen in patients with
background diabetic retinopathy
e. cataract surgery can lead to corneal hypoesthesia.