Past MCQs on Ocular Anatomy
1. The medial wall of the orbit includes:
a. body of sphenoid
b. vertical plate of palatine bone
c. trochlear fossa
d. lacrimal fossa
e. optic canal


2. The foramina that communicate directly with the orbit include:

a. foramen rotundum
b. zygomaticotemporal foramen
c. posterior ethmoidal foramen
d. infraorbital foramen
e. supraorbital foramen
3. The structures that pass through the common tendinous ring 
    include:
a. trochlear nerve
b. nasociliary nerve
c. sympathetic fibres from the plexus around the 
    internal carotid artery
d. parasympathetic fibres from the pterygopalatine 
    ganglion
e. central artery of the retina


4. The inferior orbital fissure transmits the:

a. maxillary nerve
b. posterior superior alveolar nerve
c. sphenopalatine artery
d. inferior ophthalmic vein 
e. zygomatic nerve
5. Concerning the orbit:
a. the superior orbital fissure connects with the anterior 
    cranial fossa
b. the optic canal connects with pituitary fossa
c. the inferior orbital fissure connects with the 
    infratemporal fossa
d. the lateral wall is the thickest wall
e. the supra-orbital notch is at the middle of the upper 
    margin


6. The orbit:

a. the apex of the orbital cavity is at the optic canal
b. the anterior and posterior lacirmal crests are features 
    of the lacrimal bone
c. the margin is formed by the frontal, zygomatic, 
    lacrimal and maxillary bones
d. the inferior orbital fissure is closed by orbital fascia 
    and striated muscle
e. the medial palpebral ligament is attached to the 
    lacirmal bone
7. The grey line of the eyelid:
a. owes its colour to increased vascularity
b. represents the mucocutaneous junction
c. is behind the eyelashes (cilia)
d. is at the level of the ciliary bundle of the orbicularis 
    oculi muscle
e. when entered surgically gives access to a plane between orbicularis oculi and the tarsal plate


8. The upper eyelid:

a. has eyelashes (cilia) along its entire margin
b. covers the whole cornea in blinking
c. has about 150 eyelashes (cilia)
d. has the modified sweat glands of Zeis opening 
    behind the hair follicles
e. has fibres of insertion fo the frontalis muscle


9. The tarsal glands:

a. a re modified sebaceous glands
b. are embedded in the tarsal plates
c. are longer and more numerous in the upper eyelid
d. have ducts which open at the mucocutaneous 
    junction
e. have stratified squamous epithelium lining the mouths 
    of their ducts.


10. In the eyelids:

a. the lacrimal nerve supplies the skin of the upper 
   eyelid
b. the infratrochlear nerve supplies the skin of the 
    upper eyelid
c. the lacirmal nerve supplies the conjunctiva of the 
    lower eyelid
d. the infratrochlear nerve supplies the conjunctiva of 
    the lower eyelid
e. the infratrochlear nerve supplies the skin of the lower 
    eyelid


11. The conjunctiva:

a. is closely adherent to the underlying sclera
b. is highly vascular in its bulbar portion
c. has mucus secreting goblet cells which are more 
    numerous on the eyelid
d. is supplied by the infra-orbital nerve at its lower 
    bulbar part
e. is modified skin lacking sebaceous and sweat 
   glands at the lacrimal caruncle


12. The eyelids:

a. have hairs only at the lid margins
b. have eyelashes which are thinner than hair on other 
    parts of the body
c. have tarsal plates which re twice as tall in the upper 
    lid
d. have tarsal plates attached to the orbit walls along 
    their convex margins
e. receive blood supply from medial and lateral 
    palpebral branches of the ophthalmic artery


13. Regarding the lacrimal gland:

a. the palpebral part of the lacrimal gland is half the size 
    of the orbital part
b. ducts from the orbital part drain into the palpebral 
    part through the levator muscle
c. the palpebral part drains into the superior 
    conjunctival fornix through about 12 ducts
d. the lymphatic drainage of the lacrimal gland is to
    the submandibular nodes
e. excision of the palpebral part abolishes tear 
    secretion on the operated side.


14. In the lacrimal drainage pathway:

a. the upper lacirmal punctum is lateral to the lower 
    punctum
b. the lacrimal canaliculi may open into the lacrimal sac 
    through a common canaliculus
c. the lacrimal canaliculi are lined by stratified 
    squamous epithelium
d. the nasolacrimal duct runs downwards, laterally and 
    to the anterior part of the inferior meatus.
e. the nasolacrimal duct is narrowest at its lower end 
    where a mucosal flap prevent s reflux


15. Tendinous fibres from the aponeurosis of levator palpebrae 
      superioris:

a. pierce the orbital septum
b. pierce the orbicularis oculi muscle
c. are attached to the posterior aspect of the superior 
    tarsal plate
d. are attached to the medial palpebral ligament
e. are attached to the marginal tubercle of the zygomatic 
    bone


16. The parasympathetic secretomotor pathway to the lacrimal gland 
      includes:

a. nerve cells in the pons
b. the nervus intermedius (sensory root of facial nerve)
c. lesser petrosal nerve
d. nerve of the pterygoid canal
e. zygomatic nerve


17. The superior oblique muscle:

a. is attached to the frontal bone
b. lies above the medial rectus muscle
c. has a tendon that passes through a fibrocartilaginous 
    trochlea
d. has a tendon that passes below the superior rectus 
    muscle
e. is supplied by trochlear nerve on its inferior aspect


18. Concerning extraocular muscles:

a. the medial rectus is inserted to the sclera most 
    anteriorly
b. the inferior oblique is attached to the orbital wall 
    most anteriorly
c. the nerve to medial rectus passes below the optic 
    nerve
d. the inferior oblique passes below the inferior rectus
e. the superior oblique is tested by asking the patient to 
    look at the tip of his or her nose


19. The fascial sheath of the eyeball:

a. blends with the sclera at the corneoscleral junction
b. blends with the dura mater around the optic nerve
c. is reflected around the tendon of the superior 
    oblique as far as the trochlear
d. has an expansion from the sheath of the medial 
    rectus attached to the lacrimal bone
e. is connected to the sclera by dense collagen bands 
    which traverse the episcleral space


20. The eyeball:

a. is close to the floor of the orbital cavity than to the 
    roof
b. is closer to the lateral wall of the orbital cavity than 
    to the medial wall
c. has a vertical diameter less than the transverse and 
    anteroposterior diameters
d. has an anterior segment which is more curved and 
    forms a quarter fo the whole circumference
e. is least protected laterally


21. The cornea:

a. has five layers
b. has an epithelium which consists of five layers of cells
c. has columnar cells at the deepest layer of the 
   epithelium 
d. is thinnest at the centre
e. receives blood supply from the anterior ciliary 
    arteries at its periphery


22. The sclera:

a. is thickest posteriorly
b. is thinnest just behind the insertions of the recti 
    muscles
c. transmits the central retinal artery and vein through
    the largest opening in the cribosa lamina
d. is grooved on its inner surface by ciliary vessels and 
    nerve
e. has 75% of its dry weight accounted for by collagen
23. At the limbus:
a. there is a shallow groove on the outer surface of the 
    sclera
b. the sinus venosus sclerae (canal of Schlemm) is in 
    the sclera
c. the sinus venosus sclerae may be double in part of its 
    course
d. there is direct connection between the venous sinus 
    and the trabecular meshwork
e. there is no blood in the canal of Schlemm because 
    the communicating channels with anterior ciliary 
    veins have valves


24. The corneoscleral junction:

a. Descemet's membrane ends at Schwalbe's line 
    which marks the anatomical limbus
b. Bowman's membrane becomes continuous with the 
    facial sheath of the eyeball
c. the limbus is 1.5 to 2 mm wide
d. the surgical limbus where the blue area commences 
    is posterior to the anatomical limbus
e. the scleral spur is triangular with its apex directed 
    posteriorly


25. The iris:

a. has a diameter of about 12 mm
b. has a double layer of cells covering both surfaces
c. has radial contraction folds on the posterior surface
d. is thickest at the ciliary margin
e. is pigmented maximally on the anterior surface
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