a. thyroid ophthalmopathy
b. carotid cavernous fistula
c. pseudotumour
d. lacrimal gland tumour
e. frontal mucocele

2.  Legal requirement for driving:

a. good stereopsis
b. 120 degrees of horizontal visual field
c.  40 degrees of vertical visual field
d. able to read the car number plate at 67 feet
e. good vision in both eyes

3.  Disciform macular degeneration:

a. begins in the subretinal space
b. causes subhyaloid haemorrhage
c. is associated with optic disc pit
d. causes secondary glaucoma
e. can be diagnosed with fluorescein angiography

4.  Causes of corneal opacities include:

a. herpes simplex virus
b. adenovirus
c. coxsackie virus
d. dehydration of cornea
e.  measles

5.  Causes of eyelid retraction include:

a. aberrant third nerve degeneration
b. thyroid eye disease
c. myotonic dystrophy
d. liver failure
e. midbrain tumour

6.  Basal cell carcinoma:

a.  often bleeds
b. more common in out door workers
c. is not sensitive to radiotherapy
d. usually metastasize to regional lymph node
e. is more common in upper than lower lid

7.  The commonest tumour of optic nerve in children are:

a. glioma
b. meningioma
c. retinoblastoma
d. lymphangioma
e. cavernous haemangioma

8.  Restricted visual field occurs in:

a. glaucoma
b. retinitis pigmentosa
c. macular degeneration
d. laser treatment for diabetic retinopathy
e. central retinal vein occlusion

9. Retinoscopy:

a. gives an objective refractive error
b. is good for detecting keratoconus
c. is best done in a bright room
d. is best done with accommodation
e. is difficult with small pupil

10.  In optic neuritis:

a. there is pain with eye movement
b. relative afferent pupillary defect is present
c. optic disc swelling is a common feature
d. in recovered cases, the VEP is usually abnormal
e. oral steroids prevents recurrence.

11. The following phakomatoses are inherited:

a. tuberous sclerosis
b. Sturge-Weber's syndrome
c. neurofibromatosis
d. von Hippel-Lindau's syndrome
e. ataxia telangiectasia

12. Keratoconus:

a. is a progressive condition
b. is common in Down's syndrome
c. is caused by increased intraocular pressure
d. can be treated with contact lens
e. is made worse by eye rubbing

13. Systemic hypertension causes:

a. papilloedema
b. macular exudates
c. glaucoma
d. optic nerve ischaemia
e. central retinal vein occlusion

14. Indications for vitrectomy include:

a. vitreous haemorrhage for over 6 months
b. tractional retinal detachment
c. asteroid hyalosis
d. posterior lens dislocation
e. macular hole

15. Regarding the corneal endothelium cells:

a. derived from neural crest 
b. stimulated to divide by uveitis
c. do not divide after birth
d. easily damaged by trauma
e. control the corneal water control

16. Relative afferent pupillary defect occurs in:

a. loss of ganglion cells in one eye
b. Adie's pupil
c. Horner's syndrome
d. damage to the ciliary ganglion
e. vitreous haemorrhage

17. Direct light reflex occurs in:

a. Horner's syndrome
b. Adie's pupil
c. optic nerve transaction
d. optic atrophy
e. damage to the occipital lobe

18. Signs of glaucoma. include:

a. venous pulsation
b. arterial pulsation at the disc margin
c. central scotoma
d. nasal step
e. arcuate scotoma

19. Degenerative myopia have the following features:

a. posterior staphyloma
b. optic atrophy
c. peripheral retinal degeneration
d. peripapillary retinal atrophy
e. subretinal haemorrhage

20.  von Hippel Lindau syndrome:

a. the genetic abnormality is in chromosome 3
b. is associated with phaeochromocytoma
c. is associated with cerebellar haemangioblastoma
d. causes cystic kidney
e. causes retinal angioma.